There is an Emma Township in Nanmulin County, Shigatse, Tibet.
Emma, ​​translated into Chinese, is, "Hey, there is such a place."
The Nanmulin Ecological Demonstration Zone on the north bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River is planted with saplings under the blue sky and white clouds. Photograph of fire
“Emma Township is located on the north bank of the intersection of Xianghe and Yarlung Zangbo River. It is an east-west wind. The wind is much larger than other places. Plus it is a Gobi desert beach. Every winter and spring, the wind is filled with grass. Not long, let alone plant trees." Ding Kun, the township director of Emma, ​​told reporters.
In 2013, Bian Bazari, then vice chairman of the Tibet Autonomous Region, came to Emma Township in Nanmulin for on-the-spot investigation on the construction of afforestation project in the “Two Rivers and Four Rivers†basin. It is proposed to make the northern bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River an integrated ecological demonstration zone and rise to the strategy of the Tibet Autonomous Region. On March 29 of the second year, the Nanmulin Ecological Demonstration Zone on the north bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River was the starting point for afforestation of the “Two Rivers and Four Riversâ€, and smashed the “first shovel†of the afforestation and afforestation project of the “Two Rivers and Four Riversâ€.
Wang Dingfeng, the county magistrate of Nanmulin County, is a witness and participant in the construction of the “South Mulin Ecological Demonstration Zoneâ€.
He talked about the scene at the time: "It was a massive plateau artificial afforestation activity. Nanmulin County was the construction of the county to invest in the demonstration area. At the time, the north bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River was really a red flag exhibition. Days. Many colleagues are on the construction site, and the whole person is like a native, I can't recognize it."
The same is the kind of tree planting. The strength of the use is completely different from that of the mainland. According to the test of experts, the organic content of this Gobi beach land is zero. The tree species in the interior are definitely not suitable here. The root system can't be stuck, it is difficult to survive, so plant trees. In the pit, not only the land needs to be used, but also a large amount of farm organic fertilizer, but also to ensure that the water is kept up.
"In March, some places in the mainland have already blossomed in spring. It is still ice and snow, and the sand is particularly large. The excavator who digs the tree pit touches the frozen soil below and is the same condition and environment. We have overcome many difficulties, and it is hard to dig pits, land, tree planting, fertilizing, and watering on this barren beach. It is really hot." Wang Dingfeng recalled.
Wang Dingfeng County Magistrate: "We are really digging holes, land, tree planting, fertilizing, watering on this barren beach. It is really hot."
More than three years have passed. Today, the county road is full of rapeseed, and the seedlings planted that year. Blue sky and white clouds, green trees and yellow flowers, five-color prayer flags, picturesque, vermilion Tibetan dwellings dotted between mountains and rivers, is a beautiful scenery of Tibetan areas.
The “South Mulin Ecological Demonstration Zone†has a total planned area of ​​420,000 mu, which is planned to be completed in 17 years. It is divided into two areas, east and west along the Tongxian Highway. In accordance with the principle of combining local conditions with the combination of Joe, irrigation and grass, the construction content includes 151,000 mu of afforestation, 40,000 mu of artificial grass, 180,000 mu of sand control and hillside afforestation, high yield of highland barley and 50,000 mu of organic potato cultivation. The green channel is 383.8 km. Wang Dingfeng said that the completion of the ecological demonstration park only increased the income of the local people by nearly 35 million yuan for tree planting and management and protection. This year, afforestation and pest control increased cash income by more than 2.3 million yuan, realizing the income increase of the masses. The mutual benefit and win-win of ecological construction. This point, the people of Emma Township 603,883, the stocks feel the deepest, the most profitable. Their hometown changes have the most say.
"On the north shore before the afforestation, every winter and spring, sandstorms continue, and even the birds on the Gobi Desert can't fly." Tibetan forest guards said to the elderly. The 62-year-old Chiri is a villager in Deqing Village, Emma Township, Nanmulin County, Shigatse, Tibet.
The nine-child squad joined the forestry team in the ecological demonstration zone in 2014. Before that, he was the administrator of drinking water in the village, earning less than 2,000 yuan a year. In addition to doing farm work to earn some money, there is no other source of income, and family life is more difficult.
Chi Li said: "Before afforestation, we planted potatoes, barley, radishes and rapeseed on our own land to barely maintain our lives. Even so, if we encounter particularly bad weather, it will greatly affect the land. harvest."
“In 2013, we started planning to establish afforestation demonstration sites, that is, we must plant trees for afforestation. To be honest, at the beginning, most people in the village were not accepted in concept, and they felt that they were planted on the Gobi Desert. The tree, which has been tried for generations, is impossible, and it is also possible to occupy some crops and pastures, fearing that their own interests will be affected, and they will treat it with a wait-and-see attitude and a negative attitude." Here, the red column laughed embarrassedly.
So, how can local farmers and herdsmen accept the reality of planting trees on the Gobi Desert?
Qu Sang, deputy director of the Forestry Bureau of Nanmulin County, said: "First let the tree survive and be reasonable to serve people. In the process of afforestation, we insist on science first, water conservancy first, according to local soil, water source, site conditions, The principles of scientific planning, infrastructure, and step-by-step advancement are the key to planning and designing, seedling quality, pitting standards, planting techniques, and watering and soiling.
By the end of last year, the demonstration area has completed an investment of 150 million yuan, planting more than 30,000 acres of afforestation, planting 1.67 million seedlings of Xinjiang, eucalyptus, willow, Tibetan, poplar, Xiaoqingyang, Amorpha, and seabuckthorn. The green corridor forest network is 50 kilometers, and the survival rate of afforestation is 95%. Completed the leveling of 15.75 million mu of land, transferring 422,000 square meters of land, digging pits 22,000 mu, digging 0.2987 million mu, and constructing 64.6 km of production roads, 95 km of canals and two 200 m3 fermentation tanks. Initially formed a large pattern of ecological construction of Tian Chengfang, Lin Chengwang, the channel connected, and the road, ensuring: 'Build a piece of insurance, and live a piece of life'. â€
Wang Dingfeng, the county magistrate, said, "In the past, there was no one left, no grass on the ground, and even cattle and sheep could not be fed. Therefore, the strong labor in the village went out to work. The state invested in planting trees to benefit the local people. The forestry subsidies and ecological jobs are all for the people to get benefits beyond the ecology. They can now earn money without leaving their homes and leaving the house at home."
Chi Li said with deep feelings: "It is a miracle that the tree planted has survived. It is because we saw the hope that we acted positively and took the initiative to join the forest guard team, planting trees and protecting the forest. I did not expect Yes, a tree planting has increased our economic income several times, and the original income has not only decreased, but also because afforestation has changed the climate, and there has been an increase. At least three to 50,000 yuan will be added in one year. Income."
The completion of the “Nanmulin Ecological Demonstration Zone†not only improved the local living and living environment, but also improved the economic income of local farmers and herdsmen, and played a great role in “helping the poor and getting rid of povertyâ€. It is really a two-pronged thing.
The yard of the Red House seems to be as big as a football field. Building materials and tractors are placed in the unfinished yard. In the cow circle, there are five oxen grazing. His Tibetan-style small building is beautifully built. The seven or eight houses on the second floor enclose a platform of more than 50 square meters. The glass roof is illuminated by the platform. Translucent is like a small yard. The Tibetan-style lacquered wooden sofa is placed against the wall, and in front is a row of Tibetan coffee tables. This is where they live in their daily lives, drinking tea and drinking barley, chatting and watching TV. The living room of the Chili family, carved and painted, is exquisite in workmanship. It is a typical Tibetan decoration: the structure of four pillars and eight beams, the colorful lacquer carvings, the Tibetan lacquer paintings on the pillars and the ceiling, each with a story. On the Tibetan half-seat in the middle of the living room, there is a large photograph of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s interview with Tibetan compatriots. Below the photo are two celebrations of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Tibet Autonomous Region in 2015. The Central Delegation presented the Tibetan farmers and herdsmen with “ghee teaâ€. pot". Chi Li said, "This is a gift from President Xi. I have always been reluctant to use it."
The living room of the Red House is carved and painted, and the workmanship is exquisite. It is a typical Tibetan decoration. Photograph of fire
The house of the Red House started construction in 2009. It will build a little money. "It is the fastest progress in the past three years. I officially stayed this year because I have money now." Chi Li said: "This house Including government subsidies, a total of more than 250,000 yuan. The next floor needs to be renovated, and then build a modern restroom." Speaking of here, the face of Chi Lie reveals his hope and confidence in future life.
He said, "I am looking at the woods every day, I feel better, my body feels better than in the past, and it is not easy to catch a cold." Chi Li believes that most of the viruses in the past are directly related to sandstorms, because many germs They are all scraped from other places.
Wang Yonggang, a member of the Tibet Affiliated Cadre and the Standing Committee of the Nanmulin County Standing Committee, said: "In 2015, Shandong aided Tibet with an investment of 9 million yuan. It built a 890-acre nursery base in Chajia Village, Emma Township, mainly to cultivate Haitang and Tibetan River. Yang, Zhuliu, Yushu, Xinjiang Yang and other high-quality seedlings have planted more than 60,000 seedlings in the large seedling area, 2.32 million seedlings planted in the cuttings, 310,000 small eucalyptus plants, and 70,000 cuttings. Planting 1000 eucalyptus trees, cultivating 6000 black carp, and planting 52,500 seedlings of various types of seedlings. Completed the erection of 3 greenhouses, 1500 high-quality grape plants and 3900 meters of net fence erection. In 2016, 60,000 seedlings were planted to achieve economic benefits. More than 2 million yuan. After full completion, it can form an annual production capacity of 3 million plants. According to the current market price, it will increase the county's fiscal revenue by 20 million yuan per year, becoming a veritable green bank in Nanmulin County. Next, it will introduce professional technology. Talents, realize the scientific, professional and standardized nursery, establish a long-term mechanism for nursery management, and lay a solid foundation for the healthy and sustainable development of nursery."
Liu Haijia, deputy director of the Tibet Affiliated Cadre and Nanmulin County Forestry Bureau, introduced the cultivation techniques of economic tree species. Photograph of fire
Chi Li’s four daughters, Dojip Chi, is the second person to work in afforestation after her father’s straits. She is responsible for the management of migrant workers in the nursery base that was built in Weifang. She said, "I looked at the saplings in the nursery base, and I felt like I was watching my own children. I couldn’t put them down for a day. The saplings were worms and sick, and I was very angry. In the first half of this year, Weifang City. We have built an economic forest experimental nursery here. The types of experiments include sea bream, sun plum, grape and eucalyptus. Because we have never cultivated this sapling, the first time after planting, the effect is very bad. Re-elected more than a dozen people who know some planting techniques to plant. I did not expect that the second planting had just encountered the busy farming water at the beginning, and only gave priority to farmers and herdsmen to use water for agriculture. At night, it was our turn to use, but at night. Who is going to work? I really can't take care of it, just call my brother and help me, and I will continue to do it until the sky is bright. Now I look at the seedlings growing very well, the sense of accomplishment in my heart, than I am still happy when I receive my salary."
Ascend to the watchtower of the demonstration area and look around. The endless demonstration area on the north bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River is lush and vibrant under the blue sky and white clouds, just like spring.
Qu Sang, deputy director said: "The south extension of Tongxian Highway has initially become a green line, ecological line, and civilized line. The number of dusty weather in the demonstration area has decreased by 1/3 year-on-year, the oxygen content in the core area has increased by 5%, and the air humidity has increased by 10%. %, the wind and sand is much smaller, the environment is much more beautiful than three years ago, and the Gobi desert on the north bank has become an ecological oasis. It has also laid a good foundation for the development of the forest fruit industry and the forest economy, and comprehensively developed tourism on the north bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River. Brought a new opportunity."
"Afforestation must be a three-point tree planting, seven-point management. In the plateau, alpine, desertification areas, afforestation, especially in the later management. In order to implement the 'six defense' proposed by the autonomous region (prevention of pests and diseases, anti-dry, Anti-theft logging, anti-animal foraging, anti-illegal encroachment, forest fire prevention) and the spirit of 'selecting seedlings, ensuring water, strengthening pipes', the fifth batch of Tibet Aid Working Group in Weifang City, Shandong Province invested 1.2 million yuan in ecological demonstration The district has established a professional management team of 30 people. Under the guidance of technical personnel, it is mainly responsible for irrigation, fertilization, pruning, pest control, fence maintenance, winter tree maintenance and whitening and fire prevention, and is equipped with waterwheels and other necessary The facilities of the forest guards, in the case of personnel and financial constraints, work overtime to ensure the irrigation needs of forest land and various follow-up management and protection work, and achieve seamless management of the ecological demonstration zone.†Qu Sang said.
The 56-year-old Tibetan forester, Qu Pei, told reporters: "I became a forest guard in 2008. At that time, I was only in my forties, and I was a forester in the green channel of the road network. In 2014, I came to the ecological demonstration area. As a ranger."
Ask him, how is it different now? He said, "That is much larger than the area that I used to look after, and the income is much higher. And here I can learn what I could not learn in the past, especially the basic knowledge of some forest protection, and slowly learned to discover the saplings. Some pests and diseases. When good forest guards not only have to be responsible, but also must adhere to the principle. Some farmers and herdsmen cut trees and graze indiscriminately. As long as they meet, I will stop it without any feelings. I use the reason to convince them not to do it later. In this way, in fact, they still listen to advice, and slowly develop good habits."
Tibetan rangers use their actions and efforts to demonstrate their recognition and confidence from the heart. Photograph of fire
Although they don't have a lot of language, each of them has their own dreams and they all have their own expectations. They don't have a rhetoric, but when you get up, you will feel that they are expressing their enthusiasm and passion with every move. As for the fact that the demonstration area continues to grow and develop, they use their actions and efforts to demonstrate their inner recognition and confidence. This is the national spirit throughout the Tibetan Plateau. He will make you feel that they are building their homes with their own efforts and sticking to the country's green barrier.
Since the beginning of the construction of the demonstration area, there has been a slow change here. The first is the obvious change of the natural environment. In the past, local farmers and herdsmen planted potatoes, barley and rapeseed while relying on government subsidies to work on their own. Nowadays, afforestation has improved the environment. Although the wind is still shaved, the dust is much less. Then the concept of the villagers has slowly changed. In the past, they used to work outside the home. Now they have gradually returned to the ranks of planting trees, protecting forests and planting grass. In other words, you can earn money for a good day at your doorstep. Why not? At present, the villagers only increase their income by more than 1,700 yuan per farmer. If there are forest guards at home, the salary is 13,000 yuan a year, and during the period of planting trees and subsequent management, the subsidy is 100 yuan per day. Going out to work. Really achieved the effect of industrial poverty alleviation and environmental improvement.
Tibetan women's forest guards, White Maram (former) and sister Gesang, are trimming saplings. Photograph of fire
Mima, the 52-year-old village director of Liuma Village in Emma Township, was a four-year soldier. After demobilization, he returned to Nanbulin Township as a deputy village head. In 2002, he moved to Liuguo Village and served as the village head until now.
He said, "When I first moved here, it was really shocked by the sandstorm here. Every time there was a sandstorm, it was really yellow sand, and nothing could be seen in the dust. I could pile up 20 cm thick in front of the house overnight. Sand, pushing the door is hard. I remember that in 2004, we lived in the tent of the open space because we wanted to build a new house. One day, we were working. Suddenly the dust storm came and we rushed to the tent. As a result, the wind and sand was too big, and I couldn’t see the direction at all. I actually went to another village. You may not believe it when you say it. Now there is a different ecological demonstration zone. It’s really windy and sandless. It is."
The truth is that it is the most convincing to educate people.
The environment has changed, and even the mindset and health of the masses have changed. Accurate poverty alleviation and relocation of the ecological industry in different places have caused earth-shaking changes in the three years of Emma Township.
There is a large area of ​​sea buckthorn demonstration forest on the dam on the north bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River.
"Seabuckthorn is called a shrub in other places. It has grown into a tree in our country. Can you say that it is a miracle?" Wang Dingfeng said proudly.
Seabuckthorn and eucalyptus are a type of forest. Many roots can be produced from the ground and slowly grow up. The spines of the seabuckthorn branches grow very long, and the animals generally do not dare to approach, but its leaves are a good feed, which can be picked to feed the animals. In the fall, there will be a variety of small animals flying in the sky, like wild pigeons, black-necked cranes, wild rabbits, grass foxes.
“The vegetation has improved the soil, and various grasses have been grown under the trees. When the trees were first planted, some experts did not believe that they could plant trees on this waste beach. Every living tree on the plateau condensed people’s efforts. Wang Dingfeng looks at sea buckthorn, just like enjoying flowers.
Speaking of the future, Wang Dingfeng said: "To make a tree grow alive is like a baby falling into the ground. This does not mean that even if the task is completed, we have to take responsibility for raising them into a forest and planting a wide variety of forests. The blue sky and green waters are indeed a long way to go. The construction of the Nanmulin Ecological Demonstration Zone on the north bank of Yajiang River is a great undertaking that is conducive to the contemporary and beneficial to the future. It is an important measure to build a plateau ecological security barrier and is an active initiative for large-scale artificial afforestation of the plateau. Exploring and playing an important role in the ecological construction of high-altitude areas. Next, on the basis of earnestly summarizing the experience, we will fully promote the construction of the Nanmulin Ecological Demonstration Zone on the north bank of Yajiang River to a new level, and strive to build a plateau ecological security barrier. Promote the sustainable development of Tibet and build a new contribution to the construction of “Ecological Shigatse and Beautiful Shigatseâ€.
Nan Mulin is the meaning of 'sacred land' in Tibetan language, and translated into Chinese is called "South Mulin". The Gobi Desert, which used to fly in the sand, has now become a sacred place for the lush demonstration area. Innocent to be worthy of the name.
(Editor: 娄在霞)
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