[China Glass Net] The glass curtain wall has been favored by architects for its appearance, good lighting, and exquisite texture. It is widely used in various buildings and has become a beautiful urban landscape. However, the complex and beautiful design of the building curtain wall will also have a negative impact on fire safety.
Fireproof sealing, which belongs to the category of passive fire protection, corresponds to the more common active fire protection (including sprays, detectors, etc.), which refers to the use of fireproof sealing materials (products) for buildings, especially high-rise buildings, firewalls and pipes. Wells, strong and weak bridges, etc., in the case of fires, holes with certain fire-resistance or gaps that are similar to chimneys (including inter-layer seams of curtain walls or firewall wall seams) are required to block, so that the fire source is not worn. Fire zones or other floors to control fire and reduce fire damage. In general, it includes the treatment of various penetrations through the wall, the fine structure of the floor slab, and various structural joints.
How to improve the fire endurance of the curtain wall, extend the time of the curtain wall to resist the fire, and minimize the damage caused by the fire is a problem that must be considered in the design and application of the curtain wall. However, for which kind of construction scheme is reasonable and how long the fire prevention effect can be achieved, it is not subjective and can be estimated or estimated. The design must be based on relevant data from relevant test tests.
1. STI glass curtain wall interlayer fireproof sealing method
STI (Specified Technologies Inc.) has been paying attention to and contributing to the development of fire blocking technology, and is in the leading position in the same industry. It has proposed and passed UL testing of fire blocking and sealing methods (plans) up to more than 1,700, which can solve all internal buildings. The fireproof sealing of the penetrating material, especially for the inter-layer seam of the glass curtain wall, is more in the industry.
STI's fire blocking method for the inter-layer seam of glass curtain wall mainly forms a system with high smoke density and high fire resistance by squeezing the mineral wool to fill the gap and spraying the rubber to cover the mineral wool. The performance of its fire resistance performance is:
1. A number of mineral wool strips with a total density of 64kg/m3 and a width of 125%~150% are tightly packed, so that the mineral wool in the gap has sufficient pre-stress to compensate for the mineral wool during the fire. The expansion force caused by the thermal expansion causes the loosening of the loosening. On the other hand, the extrusion packing makes the mineral wool itself more compact; for larger gaps (≥250mm), the angle between the mineral wool and the floor can be improved by adding angle steel or fasteners. Sex
2. The specially formulated spray glue is carbonized into fine particles in the fire, covered on the mineral wool, filled with small holes on the surface of the mineral wool, so that the sprayed carbonized layer and the mineral wool form a smoke-free fire retardant belt; The sealing principle of the galvanized steel plate as the supporting plate is completely different, and the traditional galvanized steel plate will expand after being fired, causing more openings, causing the smoke to diffuse;
3. The separation method of the relevant method is fixed on the backing plate or angle steel independent of the curtain wall structure by setting the anchor (ImpalingPin), so even if the curtain wall frame is blown, the separation belt can maintain the integrity and avoid the fire.
Second, the project example
A super high-rise building in Zhengzhou has 56 floors above ground, 2 floors underground and 280 meters high. In the original design of the curtain wall structure, the interlayer structure of the curtain wall structure and the floor slab is consistent with the traditional design scheme. The galvanized steel plate supports the mineral wool. However, since the building is a new landmark in Zhengzhou City, the structure has a unique outer shape and high construction quality requirements. The galvanized steel sheets used for all the curtain wall interlayers are prefabricated by the factory according to the design drawings, which greatly increases the cost of the construction unit. As mentioned above, the fire performance of the traditional design scheme cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, STI related engineering and technical personnel propose the fireproof sealing modification for the original scheme, and greatly reduce the inter-floor seams by filling the mineral wool and spraying the glue. According to the actual progress of the project, the construction cost of the fireproof plugging has been carried out on the 15th and 16th floor of the STI curtain wall fireproof sealing demonstration layer according to the actual progress of the project. And passed the inspection of the local fire and quality inspection department.
Third, discuss
With the rollout of China's “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€, there are about 135 cities across the country that are among the ranks of international cities. The CBDs in various regions are under planning or have begun to take shape. Super high-rise buildings that are the symbol of the CBD are bound to be in the future. In the past five years, the curtain wall structure is the preferred of these high-rise buildings. The fire safety problems that follow should be paid attention to by the industry. In particular, how the fire prevention and sealing measures of the curtain wall interlayers are properly implemented is worthy of discussion. In view of this, the author has the following three ideas:
1. Seriously study foreign advanced technology. Since foreign methods for filling mineral wool and spray glue have been widely used, and the fire performance of the test and actual fire cases has been proven to be effective in controlling fire spread, then we should consider the design and construction of the curtain wall in the future. The traditional scheme makes adjustments or combines the advantages of the two schemes;
2. Relevant specifications should be adjusted in due course. Including the current fire protection product related testing basis, for the fire prevention and sealing aspect, it still lags behind the actual engineering development needs. There is no longer a major fire, so we can really consider the shortcomings of traditional design.
3. Fire inspection and acceptance should further strengthen the monitoring of the construction quality of fireproof sealing in buildings, and should refer to the practices of other countries or regions, and require the construction unit concerned to provide construction reports.
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